Phenylol silanes and resins therefrom



Patented Sept. 23, 1.952

PHENYLGIS E S:- ANDI RE SIN S THEREFROM John L. Speier, Jr... Pittsburgliz-Pasassignor: to I Dow. Corning Corporation;..Mid1and;..Mich:,.a:

corporationofiMicliigan;

No'Drawingi Application sentemsenr8; 1eso;=se, 55;. 185,517.. In Great Britain. November Theqgresent-invention; relates .toicertainphen yloli silanea, to; their: production, to: resins pre:--

pared therefrom;

The remarkable. growth. of the organosilicon In the above formulaR represents alkyl radicals such as methyl, ethyl, or higher, for example, actadecyl and cylohexyli R represents an. alkyl radical suchi as: methyl, ethyl, or: a: higher:- alkylf; such. asxoctadecyl' or cycl'ohexylf or" a monocyclic'i' aryl iradicalisuchias phenyli. Inthis formulaiazisr aniinteger offrom Zita 3; inclusive,- and miszan' integenofifrom o to 1; inclusive; The compounds: hereof of the above-1 formula. are of? utility. as: bactericidesand' fungicides.

Resinsain. accordance with the present" inven, tion are preparedi -by reacting theiphenylol'lsilanes with hexamethylenetetramina. The resinous 8 Claims, (Cl. Zak-4483?):

.2. dimethyldichlorosilana; This. reaction: is. coneducted by contacting a.mixture of the chlorosilane and the halophenoxysilane with a molten alkali metali In way" the trimethylsiloxyindustry has been founded'primarilyupon silicon 5 plieny'l radical ll'nli ed to siliconas shown. in. materials in which; the: organic substituents; are the above formulaa hydrocarbon radicalsz. Suchmaterials: are de- Thesilylpl'ienol'sof thisinvcntion arei preparedi sirable due to their inert character, inherent in by hydrolyzing'" theabova compounds according: the hydrocarbon radicals. In order toemploy to tl-ie followihgwchcmatic equation. organosilicon materials to advantage in synthetic. 10 chemistry, it is necessary thatxthesilicon. atom. 3 a f carry radicals with active substituents therein. n M'H'HEQFM" The silanes to which thi's'invention relates are 'thoseimwhichtheiactivezsubstituentaarezphen- Rh ylolaradicalsn Silanes:iniaccordancechenewith;are ofithe'ifo'le. i 358ml lowing generalformulaz; o

The.abovehydrolysis'issbestleffectedby carry- R;.s1 4-71.: ing, out. the. reaction. in. a homogeneous liquid phase. The rate ofhydrolysis'. issub'stantia'lly increased. by the. use-of either. an. acidic or basic material;solubleirhtlierwater. Theeffectispurely catalytic, as is well} known. in. organic hydrolyses. Theamountemployedlcan be extreme- 1y, minute... Suitable catalysts. are such as acetic acid; hydrochloric. acid, and sodium. hydroxide.

The reaction. of; a. phenylol'sil'ane with hexamethylene. tetramine; proceeds. very. readily. to. yieldaphenolicmesininwhich silicon atoms. are. attached. to. the,phenyl.. radicals. The rate. of reaction is, of course,, increased. at elevated temperatures. For this reason, a reaction temperature above 100 C. is preferred. The para isomers. ofthe silylphenols appear to be particularlysucpoly ers so obtained be employed as the!" cessful for reactions of'this. type and are pro.- mosetting resins for the productionofim ferredmowed q fi Q Theproperties oftlie silyl phen'olic resinsmay 7 The phenylol'snanes." hemfimay bampduwd be-varied byvar ying=the rati'o of-hexamethylenein accordance here by'hydrolyzingphgnoxyf' tetramine-to-phenylolsilane. Ordinarily the..pre:-- silaneswhichicorrespond to the generarl formula- 40 ferret, ratio, ofthesereactantsds from. to 24,

Amotiviouszmethod for the preparationnf lthesei compoundsisby; the preparationof. a. Grignardi. reagentfrom .a. chloro..- or. bromophenol. and .there actionbff such .a. Grignard; reagentwitha ch10.- rosilane. This method. doesnot; work... m ac:- cordancelierewith, ,the .hydroxyl' of aLhalb-plienol' is. first. blocked. by. reacting. the. halophenoll with a chlorosil'ane, such. trimethylchlorosilane; to; forma hal'dphenoxysilane. Itis then possible; to. interact this haloplienoxysilane with a chlorosilane as for example, trimethylchlorosilane or equivalents" of" the hexamethylenetetramine perequivalent of phenylolsilane. An equivalent of hexamethylenetetramine is herein used: to mean one sixth oft. its. molecular weight. As appliedto. a phenylolsilane, an equivalent furni'shesone'phenoliradical.

The silyl: phenolic resins; like the well" known phenolicresins; may'exist in three definite conditions: When a' low'proportion of hex-amethylenetetramine'is used;1o1f when the reaction is stopped before going'to completioma soluble type of resin is'produced': When more hexamethylenetetraminefisused; or-when thereaction is allowed toprcceedby further heating, an insoluble resin is produced which is thermoplastic and such as natural resins, fatty acids, glycerol, and.

alkyd resins may also be incorporated.

The successful reaction of hexa-methylene-.

tetramine with phenylolsilanes to give phenoliormaldehyde type condensation resins containing silicon was unexpected, because attempts to use aqueous formaldehyde incomparable'reactions resulted in cleavage of the phenolic group from the silicon.

The following examples are illustrative only.

In the examples, Me represents a methyl radical. and Et represents an ethyl radical.

Example 1 100 grams of sodium was melted by refluxing in 400 cc. of toluene. A mixture of 401 gramsof p-chlorophenoxytrimethylsilane and 237 grams of trimethylchlorosilane was added to the sodium. at such a rate that the toluene continued to reflux. The mixture was refluxed one-half hour after addition was complete. The solution was filtered, and the filtrate was distilled, whereupon p-Me3SiCB1-I4OSiMe3 was obtained.

25 ml. of this product were dissolved in 25 ml. of ethyl alcohol and acidified with five drops of concentrated HCl and then diluted with a few ml. of water. The mixture warmed due to heat of reaction. It was cooled and diluted with more water. The insoluble organic layer was separated and chilled to C. Crysta1s of p-trimethylsilylphenol, p-MeBSiCsH OI-I, melting point 7 Parts litesin 1.? Asbestos 4.5 Hexamethylenetetramine 0.1

This powder was pressed in a mold at a temperature of 150 C. and a pressure of 2,000 p. s. i. for one hour, forming a hard, dense, smooth and strong bar. This bar was found to be extremely heat stable. When it was heated at250 C. it showed no deterioration other than a slight darkening in color. 1 7

Example 2 By the procedure of Example 1, 214.5 grams of 3-*nethyl-4-chlorophenoXytrimethylsilane was reacted with 120 grams of trimethylchlorosilane and grams of molten sodium in 200 cc. of boiling toluene. From the reaction there was obtained 3Me4-M83SiCsl-I3OS1M83.

This material was dissolved in ethyl alcohol and hydrolyzed as shown in Example 1, Upon cooling the hydrolyzate, 3-Me-MeaSiCai-IaOH,

melting point 50 to 51 C., was obtained. This material formed a para-nitrobenzoate ester, melting point 129 C.

Example 3 According to the method of Example 1, 200 grams of o-chlorophenoxytrimethylsilane was reacted with 129 grams of trimethylchlorosilane and 49 grams of molten sodium. There was obtained 0-ME3S1C6H4OS1M63.

The product was dissolved in acetone, acidified with five drops of H01 and hydrolyzed by adding water to the acid solution. Enough water 'was-added to cause the separation of an insoluble. layer which upon distillation gave o-NleaSiCel-IrOl-I, boiling point 121 C. at 26 mm., melting point 8.6 to 92 C. The phenol forms a 3,5-=dinitrobenzoate which melts at 123 C."

The product was hydrolyzed according to the method of Example 3, whereupon p-EtMeQSiCoHiOH boilin point 148 C. at 24 mm, melting point of 33 (3., was obtained. 1

Example 5 Using the procedure of Example 1, 2-phenyl-4 chlorophenoxytrimethylsilane was reacted with sodium and trimethylchlorosilane. The product obtained was 2-CeI-I5-4Me3SlCsH3OSiMe3.

Upon hydrolysis of the product in accordance with the method of Example 1, 2-phenyl-4-trimethylsilylphenol, boiling point 198 C. at 25 mm., was obtained.

Example 6 In accordance with the procedure of Example 1,. two equivalents of parachlorophenoxytri methylsilane were reacted with one equivalent of dimethyldichlorosilane and two equivalents of sodium. The reaction product was distilled, yielding bis(p-trimethylsiloxyphenyl)dimethylsilane and a very viscous non-distillable residue.

The bis (p trimethylsiloxyphenyl) dimethylsilane was hydrolyzed by the procedure of Example 3, producing the diphenol MezSi (CsH4OH) 2 melting point 171". a

Ihe viscous non-distillable residue was hydrolyzed by the same procedure, forming a crystalline mass of phenolic material containing a considerable amount of the samediphenol isolated above along with unidentifiable complex phenolic siloxanes. This crude phenolic product was heated to 150 C. to drive off water, acetone, and the hexamethyldisiloxane formed by hydrolysis of the trimethylsiloxy ester present in the original reaction. 12 parts by weight of this devolatilized phenolic residue was mixed with 1.3 parts by weight of hexamcthylenetetramine and heated at 150 C. with stirring. Soon the mixture became viscous and started to gel. Just short of gel stage, 12 parts of asbestos fiber were stirred into the resin. The gelled resin was then. cooled and ground to a fine powder.- The dry powder thus produced was molded at a pressure of 2,000 p. s. i. and at a temperature of 155 to 165 C. for 40 minutes. The molded product in the form of a. bar was very strong and had a hard smooth surface. A piece of this bar was heated at 200 C. for days and showed no deterioration other than a slight darkening in color. A second piece of the bar was heated at 250 C. for 90 hours. This also darkened, but showed no other effect of the high temperature. Both pieces retained their hardness and strength, and there was no noticeable softening at the 250 temperature.

Ezvample 7 in which R represents an alkyl radical, R is a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl and phenyl radicals, a is an integer of from 2 to 3 inclusive, and n is an integer of from 0 to 1 inclusive.

2. Compounds in accord with claim 1 wherein R and R are methyl radicals.

3. Compounds in accord with claim 1 wherein R represents a methyl radical and R represents a phenyl radical.

6. The method for producing silylphenols which comprises hydrolyzing a compound of the formula R,- R..si[ ]4-a OSiRa in which R represents an alkyl radical, R is a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl and phenyl radicals, a is an integer of from 2 to 3 inclusive, and n is an integer of from 0 to 1 inclusive.

'7. The method in accord with claim 6 wherein R and R, represent methyl radicals.

8. The method in accord with claim 6 wherein R represents a. methyl radical and R represents a phenyl radical.

JOHN L. SPEIER, JR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,147,789 Graves Feb. 21, 1939 2,247,404 Perkins et a1 July 1, 1941 2,321,627 Rothrock June 15, 1943 2,517,146 Tyler Aug. 1, 1950 2,527,591 Speier Oct. 31, 1950 

1. COMPOUNDS OF THE FORMULA 